Olona lwazi lupheleleyo lwemigodi yemingxuma evulekileyo, nceda ingqokelela yabasebenzi basezimayini
Olona lwazi lupheleleyo lwemigodi yemingxuma evulekileyo, nceda ingqokelela yabasebenzi basezimayini
Okokuqala, ukwakheka kweziqalelo ezithathu zomgodi ovulekileyo Amanyathelo: Ilitye elikrwada lahlulwe kubunzima obuthile bomaleko othe tye, kwinkqubo yokwembiwa inqanaba ngalinye lokusebenza esithubeni lenza inyathelo. Inyathelo ngalinye libizwa ngokuba linyathelo, kwaye ukuphakama kwalo kuba ngukuphakama kwenyathelo.
I-Slope yesinyathelo: indawo ethambekileyo yesinyathelo ukuya kwicala lendawo yemigodi. I-angle phakathi kwendawo ethambekileyo kunye nendiza ethe tye ibizwa ngokuba yi-Platform inclination step (i-flat disk): isithuba somphezulu othe tye phakathi komgca ongezantsi kunye nomgca ophezulu we-slope step.
Ububanzi phakathi komgca osezantsi wethambeka kunye nomgca ongaphezulu wethambeka ubizwa ngokuba ngububanzi beqonga, kwaye iqonga kwimisebenzi yokuqhushumba, yokuhlakula neyothutho ibizwa ngokuba liqonga lokusebenza; ububanzi phakathi komda wemfumba yokuqhuma kunye nomgca ophezulu we-slope ubizwa ngokuba ngukuphakama kweqonga lokusebenza; kwaye iqonga elisetyenziselwa ukunqumla ilitye elityibilikayo libizwa ngokuba liqonga lokhuseleko.
Emva koko, sithetha ngokuthe ngqo ngenkqubo yemigodi yabasebenzi basemgodini ovulekileyo.
Okwesibini, umsebenzi wokugqobhoza
Umsebenzi wokugrumba yinkqubo yokuqala yokumbiwa kwemigodi evulekileyo, kwaye kuyo yonke inkqubo yemigodi evulekileyo yomgodi, ixabiso le-akhawunti ye-perforation malunga ne-10% -15% yeendleko zayo zokuvelisa.
1, Phantsi umngxuma isixhobo sokomba
Uluhlu lokutshintsha umngxuma wokugrumba i-angle yokuguqula i-angle, iqondo eliphezulu lomatshini, ukunciphisa ixesha elincedisayo lokusebenza, ukuphucula izinga lokusebenza kwe-drilling rig, kunye ne-drilling rig ephantsi kunye ne-flexible, ubunzima besixhobo bulula, iindleko zotyalo-mali eziphantsi, ngakumbi ukugrunjwa kwemingxuma eyahlukeneyo yokutyibilika ukulawula umgangatho wentsimbi, kunokuphelisa ingcambu esezantsi, ukunciphisa iibhloko ezinkulu, nokuphucula umgangatho wokuqhushumba. Ke ngoko, izixhobo zokugrumba ezantsi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimigodi emincinci naphakathi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, kwaye zilungele ukugqobhoza amatye aphakathi kunye naqinileyo.
2, i-tumbler rig yokomba
I-Toothed Wheel Drilling Rig luhlobo olutsha lwangoku lwezixhobo zokomba eziphuhliswe ngokwesiseko sokomba olujikelezayo, oluneempawu zobuchule obuphezulu bokugqobhoza, ixabiso eliphantsi lokusebenza, iqondo eliphezulu lomatshini kunye ne-automation, kwaye ilungele ukugqobhoza ubulukhuni obahlukeneyo intsimbi ekrwada kunye nelitye, kwaye iye yaba sisixhobo sokugqobhoza esiqhele ukusetyenziswa kwimigodi evulekileyo kwihlabathi liphela.
3. Udoli wokwemba iliwa
I-Rock Drill Trolley luhlobo olutsha lwezixhobo zokomba amatye ezivele ngophuhliso lweshishini lemigodi. Yinto enye okanye ezininzi zoqheliso zamatye kunye neepropeller ezizenzekelayo ezifakwe kwingalo ekhethekileyo yokomba okanye iqonga, kwaye inomatshini wokuhamba, ukuze umsebenzi wokugrumba amatye ukuphumeza oomatshini.
Umsebenzi wokudubula
Injongo yomsebenzi wokuqhushumba kukuqhekeza ilitye eliqinileyo eliqinileyo kunye nokubonelela ngokumbiwa kobungakanani obufanelekileyo bokusebenza kwemigodi. Kwixabiso elipheleleyo lokumbiwa kwemigodi evulekileyo, iindleko zokuqhushumba zibalelwa malunga ne-15-20%. Umgangatho wokuqhushumba, awuchaphazeli nje ngokuthe ngqo ukumbiwa kwemigodi, ukuthuthwa, ukutyunyuzwa okurhabaxa kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusebenza kakuhle, kodwa kuchaphazela iindleko ezipheleleyo zomgodi.
1, ukuqhushumba komngxuma ongekho nzulu
Ukuqhushumba komngxuma ongekho nzulu kusetyenziswa idayamitha encinci yomngxuma weqokobhe, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-30-75 mm, ubunzulu bomngxuma weqokobhe. Ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphantsi kweemitha ezi-5, ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kwi-8 yeemitha okanye kunjalo, njengokugrumba nge-rock drill dolly, ubunzulu bomngxuma bunokwandiswa. Uqhushumbo lomngxuma ongekho nzulu lusetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimveliso yemigodi emincinci evulekileyo okanye iikwari, ukugrunjwa kwamatye, ukugrunjwa kwetonela, ukugqabhuka kwesibini kokwaphukileyo, ukusetyenzwa kwephakheji entsha yomgodi ovulekileyo, ukwakheka kokuthambeka kwendawo enye evulekileyo- ukufikelela kwezothutho zodonga lomsele kunye nolunye uqhushumbo olukhethekileyo.
2, ukuqhushumba komngxuma onzulu
Ubunzulu hukuqhushumba kwe-ole kukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokomba ukugrumba imingxuma enzulu, njengendlela yokuqhushumba kwesithuba sokuqhushumba kwemigodi. Ukuqhushumba kwemingxuma enzulu kwimigodi evulekileyo kusekelwe ikakhulu kwimveliso yokuqhushumba kwamanyathelo. Isixhobo sokugrumba umngxuma onzulu sisetyenziswa ikakhulu xa kusenziwa ukugrumba ngaphantsi kwamanzi kunye nokugrumba ibamba. Ukugrumba kwayo kunokwemba imingxunya enzulu ethe nkqo, kodwa iyakwazi nokugrumba imingxuma etyekeleyo. Ukulayishwa kwemingxuma ethambekeleyo kufana ngakumbi, kwaye umgangatho wokuqhunyiswa kwelitye le-ore ungcono, ukudala iimeko ezintle zokumbiwa kwemigodi kunye nokulayisha umsebenzi. Ukuze kuncitshiswe umphumo we-seismic kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokuqhushumba, phantsi kweemeko ezithile kunokuthatyathwa kwiindawo ezinkulu zokugqabhuka okwahlukileyo, ukulayishwa okanye ngaphantsi kwesithuba somoya kunye namanye amanyathelo ukwenzela ukunciphisa iindleko zokuqhushumba, ukufezekisa ngcono. iinzuzo zoqoqosho.
3, ukuqhushumba kwegumbi
Uqhushumbo lwendawo yokusabela linani elikhulu ngokwentelekiso okanye inani elikhulu leziqhushumbisi, ezifakwe kwindlela yokuqhushumba yegumbi lokuqhushumba. Imigodi yemingxuma evulekileyo isetyenziswa kuphela ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwenkunzi kwaye phantsi kweemeko ezithile, iikwari phantsi kweemeko kunye nemfuno yemigodi inkulu kakhulu xa isetyenziswa.
4, indlela yokuqhushumba kwemingxunya emininzi
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye ne-excavator ibhakethi yomthamo kunye nokwanda okumangalisayo komthamo wemveliso yemigodi evulekileyo, iimfuno eziqhelekileyo zemigodi yemigodi evulekileyo iqhuma ixesha ngalinye inani lokuqhushumba nalo lingaphezulu nangaphezulu, ngenxa yesi sizathu, yasekhaya. kunye nokumbiwa kwemingxunya evulekileyo yangaphandle kusetyenziso olubanzi lwemingxuma emininzi yemigca eyahlukeneyo yokuqhushumba, imingxuma enemiqolo emininzi eyahlukileyo yokuqhushumba uqhushumbo kunye nezinye iindlela zokuqhushumba. Izinto eziluncedo zokugqabhuka kokwahlukana kwemingxuma emininzi: uqhushumbo olukhulu, ukunciphisa inani lokuqhushumba kunye nokuphepha ixesha lemipu, ukuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zemigodi Ukuphucula umgangatho wokutyumzwa kwelitye le-ore, ubuninzi be-40% -50% ngaphantsi komgca wokuqhushumba komngxuma omnye Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo zokubhoboza malunga ne-10% -15%, okubangelwa ukunyuka kwento yokusetyenziswa kwexesha lokusebenza kunye nezixhobo zokubhoboza kunye nokuqhushumba emva kokunciphisa inani lemisebenzi kwindawo yokuzalisa. ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo zemigodi nezothutho malunga ne-10% -15%.
5, umngxuma multi-umqolo umahluko ukucudisa indlela yokuqhushumba
Ibhekisa kubuso bomsebenzi imfumba yeziqhushumbisi kwimeko yogqabhuko-dubulo lwemingxuma emininzi. Ubukho bengqumba ye-ballast, ukudala iimeko zokukhutshwa, kwelinye icala, kunokwandisa ixesha elisebenzayo lokuqhushumba, ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kweziqhushumbisi kunye nesiphumo sokutyumza; kwelinye icala, inokulawula ububanzi bemfumba yogqabhuko-dubulo, ukuphepha ukusasazeka kwelitye lentsimbi. Umngxuma omninzi umahluko wokutyhutyha ixesha lekhefu lekhefu kunesiqhelo esahlukileyo sokuqhushumba 30% -50% ngokufanelekileyo, imingxuma evulekileyo ikholisa ukusebenzisa i-50-100ms.
